According to a 2014 report from Global Financial Integrity entitled “Illicit Financial Flows from Developing Countries: 2003- 2012”, Indonesia ranks seventh of countries with the largest illicit Financial Flows (IFF). In 2014 IFF in Indonesia is estimated at a total of IDR 227.75 trillion ($20 billion), the mining sector contributes IDR 23.89 trillion ($2 billion), mainly derived from trade mis-invoicing. Late 2015 Publish What You Pay Indonesia conducted a study on IFF and tax crime in the mining sector in Indonesia. This is an urgent issue, given the sad reality of Indonesia among the top seven developing countries with highest IFF.